Sand-blast apparatus.



Patented Sept. 16,1902..

` T. A. SIPPEL.

SAND BLAST APPARATUS.

(Application mea Apr. 1s, 1902.)

(N0 Modl.)

w: Nonms versus/co. mom-mno.. wAsMworoN, o. c.

UNITED STATES ATENT THEODORF. A. SIPPEL, OF NEWTARK, NEV JERSEY.

SAND-BLAST APPARATUS.

.SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 709,181, dated September 16, 1902. Application tiled April 18| 1902.,Y Serial No. 103,651. (No model.)

To (tr/ZZ `1072/0711/ it 71mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE A-` SIPPEL, of the city of Newark, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sand-Blast Apparatus, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to an improvement in p that class of sand-blast `apparatus wherein the force of a jet of air orsteanl is employed to drive particles of sand or other abrasive substances against surfaces to cut, ornament, or otherwise act upon the saine and is mainly of the well-known form in use for such purpose. My improvement consists in so con-` structing this apparatus as to give enhanced results, rendering its operation certain and continuous, removing the possibility of deleterious effects, simplifying the construction of and the arrangement of its part-s, employing an advantageous use of a small body of abrasive material continuously, and providing a simplified and cheapened structure.

The apparatus herein described is mainly designed for work upon articles of silver for use or ornament, but it is also adapted for use upon other metals and other materials; and I wish it understood that I do not-thus limit or confine its use, but may so modify or change the parts and the casing thereof as to admit of use upon other bodies of material.

l In constructing my apparatus I preferably employ a casing made of sheet metal as to its lower portion, back, and top, and of metallic sash fitted with glass for its upper portion,

front, and sides. The bottom of the casing forms a reservoir forA the abrasive material and is made with sloping sides to allow such substance to freely flow by gravity to an outlet-valve which governs the quantity passed. In line with and below this valve is a Y- shaped ejector having a central inner tube,eX- tending about three-fourths of the length of its bore, and a side inlet, arranged at an angle downward, governed by a valve for the ad mission of air under pressure,steam,or other fluid used to operate the same, and the pressure of such jet is thus directed at an angle downwardly, encircling the lower end of the inner tube, and not only forms an admixture of the abrasive and the iiuids under pressure, but also draws the abrasive by suction. A metallic ble, for the sand cuts` such material and carries particles thereof to thework and has a deleterious effect, particularly in the case of silverware. Vhen particles of vulcanized rubber are thereby brought in contact with such work, the sulfur contained therein taruishes it and spoils its finish. The upper casing islfitted with glass to let in light and to permit observation of the operation and has ports to admit the hands, the wrists being protected by sleeves, and an exterior tray is arranged to catch any sand which may escape. A delivery-nozzle projects inwardly centrally from the top and is made detachable, so that different sizes or different shapes may be employed, in accordance with the work in hand. An outlet is provided for eX- hausting the surplus air, and an open screen and central metallic shield are fitted across the lower portion, so that the blast may not act to blow away the abrasive material from the outlet port, and this screen and shield may also serve as a rest for the articles to be operated upon.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my apparatus. Fig. 2 is a sectional `vertical View of the lower portion thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the line X X. l

In all of the figures similar letters of reference refer to like parts. u

Referring particularly to Fig. l and also to Figs. 2 and 3the operation would be .as follows: The lower portion of the casing at (L forms a hopper for the abrasive material, which Hows by gravity through the valve h, which governs the quantity passed to the inner tube Z of the ejector 7a. Air under pressure from any suitable sourceds admitted by pipe j through valve i', to the ejector 7n This :fixed metallic IOO and impinges upon the lower end of thetube and at right angles thereto. The air-blast surrounds the tube Z and catches up the stream of sand and by suction accelerates the clearance of the tube Z and carrying the sand through the easy bends of the fixed tube b delivers it in a blast within the casing through the nozzle fm. Articles to be acted upon are introduced into the casing either through a hinged lid p (shown ato 0) or through handports c e, shown with sleeves ff, provided to protect the wrist and prevent lthe escape of sand. The articles may be held in the hand and be moved about in the blast or may rest upon the shield-plate d, which is interposed centrally in line with the blast, held in place by wire-netting c, and screens the blast from the sand-hopper. The surplus air is exhausted through an outlet provided at n, and any escaping sand is caught by the tray g. Atq is shown the metal sash which holds the panes of glass through which the working may be seen.

Having now described the parts comprising my apparatus and specified their Inode of operation, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

l. In a sand-blast apparatus, comprisinga casing, with the lower portion formed as a hopper for the abrasive material used; a valve to govern the How of such abrasive material to an inner ejector-nozzle; aud a pipe governed by a valve to convey an air-blast to such ejector; said pipe being attached at an angle downward so that the blast it carries may impinge upon and encircle the lower parts of such inner ejector-nozzle, and thus draw the abrasive material with it and force it through a xed metallic tube connected thereto and adapted to carry it from the ejector at the bottom to a detachably-exchangeable blast-nozzle at the top of said casing, which nozzle extends downwardly therein; substantially as shown and described and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a sand-blast apparatus, having its lower portion formed as a hopper for the abrasive material; the combination of an outlet-valve to govern the ow from such hopper, withl an ejector, the inner tube of which extends to, and is beveled at right angles with an air-pressure inlet also governed by a valve; and a curved fixed metallic tube terminating in a detachable nozzle, connecting said ejector with the central top of such apparatus to convey the abrasive blast thereto; and a horizontal wire screen extending across the lower portion o'f the apparatus having a central sheet-metal shield which serves both as a rest for the articles to be operated upon and to protect the said hopper from the disturbing force of the said abrasive blast; substantially as shown and described, and as and for the purposes set forth.

Signed in the presence of two subscribing witnesses this 16th day of April, 1902.

THEO. A. SIPPEL.

Witnesses:

FERDINAND ROEMMELE, JOHN SoHIoK. 

